Viewing: 1-67 of 67 | All
Ear Infections (Otitis Media)
Ear infections, also known as otitis media, occur when the middle ear is infected or inflamed. There are two main types of otitis media: acute otitis media with effusion (fluid in the middle ear space) and chronic otitis media with effusion.
Learn MoreEar Tube Insertion for Children
An ear tube insertion is when a tiny tube is placed in the eardrum to let fluid leave the middle ear. Read on to learn all about this procedure.
Learn MoreEating Disorders and Young Athletes
Playing competitive sports can boost self-esteem and teach teamwork and leadership lessons. But sometimes being on a team that focuses too heavily on performance--or appearance--may trigger an eating disorder.
Learn MoreEating Disorders in Children
Detailed information on adolescents and eating disorders, including anorexia, bulimia and obesity.
Learn MoreEchocardiography for Children
Echocardiography is an imaging test. It uses sound waves to make detailed pictures of the heart.
Learn MoreEctopic Pregnancy
A pregnancy that develops outside the uterus is called ectopic pregnancy. This nearly always happens in a fallopian tube. So it’s often called tubal pregnancy. Rarely, an ectopic pregnancy will happen in an ovary, in the cervix, or the belly (abdomen).
Learn MoreEctopic Ureterocele
An ectopic ureterocele is when there is an abnormality in the renal system, usually with an extra tube that drains pee (urine) into the wrong place.
Learn MoreEczema
Eczema is a chronic dry, itchy skin condition that often runs in families. Eczema is not contagious. Eczema often affects the insides of elbows, backs of knees, and the face.
Learn MoreEczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic skin problem characterized by dry, itchy, rough skin rashes. Eczema can cause skin to appear thickened, wrinkled, red (irritated), and rough and dry.
Learn MoreEffective Sucking
It's important for your baby's health to be able to effectively remove milk from your breast during nursing. To do this, your baby must learn the correct way to suck. But how do you know if your baby is actually getting the nutrition they need? Here's a guide to help you.
Learn MoreEgg Allergy Diet for Children
Parents of children with egg sensitivity may not be aware of the many food products that contain eggs. That's why it's important to carefully read food labels. Here's what you should know.
Learn MoreEisenmenger Syndrome in Children
Eisenmenger syndrome is an advanced form of pulmonary artery hypertension.
Learn MoreElbow Dislocation
The elbow joint is made up of 3 bones – 1 upper arm bone (humerus) and 2 forearm bones (ulna and radius). An elbow dislocation is an injury to the elbow joint that causes the humerus and ulna to be moved from their normal spot, so they no longer fit together.
Learn MoreElectrical Burns
Electrical burns occur when a child comes in contact with electricity, either alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC).
Learn MoreElectrocardiography for Children
Electrocardiography (ECG) is a simple, fast test to check the electrical activity of your child's heart as blood moves through it.
Learn MoreElectroencephalogram (EEG) for Children
An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test that measures the electrical activity in the brain (brain waves). Small, round discs with wires (electrodes) are placed on the scalp during the test. The electrodes are not painful to your child.
Learn MoreElevated Liver Enzymes
Elevated (too high) levels of liver enzymes are a warning sign that something might be harming the liver. Two of these enzymes are alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Symptoms of elevated liver enzymes may include jaundice and swelling of the abdomen, arms or legs.
Learn MoreEmergency Contact Information
In an emergency, it is easy to "forget" even the most well-known information. That's why it is crucial to complete the information in this form for each member of your household.
Learn MoreEmergency Treatment of a Burn Injury
Detailed information on emergency treatment of a burn injury
Learn MoreEmery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy is a rare form of MD that affects only males. Symptoms may begin in childhood or adolescence. The condition causes slowly progressive weakness in the muscles of the shoulders, upper arms, and lower legs and joint stiffness.
Learn MoreEmery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy in Children
EDMD is a rare inherited muscle disease. It causes weakness in your child’s shoulders, upper arms, and calves. The disease also causes stiff joints that can’t move well.
Learn MoreEmotional and Family Issues in Children with Heart Disease
A detailed look at the way children may feel about having congenital heart disease--and tips for helping them cope.
Learn MoreEncephalitis in Children
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain. The inflammation causes the brain to swell. This leads to changes in a child's nervous system that can include confusion, changes in alertness, and seizures.
Learn MoreEncephalocele
Encephalocele is a rare congenital condition where the neural tube does not close and causes a sac-like bulge with brain tissue and spinal fluid that pokes through the skull. Encephalocele is often found during a prenatal ultrasound. Treatment depends on the location of the encephalocele on the skull.
Learn MoreEncopresis
Encopresis is when your child leaks stool into their underwear. It is also called stool soiling. It is most often because of long-term (chronic) constipation. Encopresis happens to children ages 4 and older who have already been toilet trained.
Learn MoreEndometriosis
Endometriosis is an inflammatory and estrogen-dependent condition in which the menstrual tissue is found outside the uterus, within the pelvis. Pain due to endometriosis is different from normal menstrual pain. Girls who have a family history of endometriosis have an increased chance of developing it.
Learn MoreEndoscopic Sinus Surgery for Children
Endoscopic sinus surgery is a procedure to open the passages of the nose and sinuses. It is done to treat long-term (chronic) sinus infections. An ear, nose, and throat specialist (ENT) does the surgery.
Learn MoreEnlarged Adenoid
The adenoid is a structure located at the junction of the nose and throat (nasopharynx) that functions in the immune system. Adenoids sometimes become enlarged during childhood and the increased size may cause problems.
Learn MoreEnlarged Lymph Nodes
There are thousands of collections of immune cells throughout the body called lymph nodes. When an infection is present, lymph nodes can become enlarged as an immune response is mounted.
Learn MoreEnlarged Tonsils
The function of the tonsils is to help identify and fight infections caused by viruses or bacteria. They can cause problems if they are enlarged or become infected.
Learn MoreEnterovirus D68 Infographic
Learn about Enterovirus D68, the symptoms that are associated with it and how it can be treated.
Learn MoreEnteroviruses in Children
There are many types of enteroviruses. The viruses mostly cause illness in babies, children, and teens. This is because most adults have already been exposed to many enteroviruses and have built up immunity.
Learn MoreEnuresis (Bedwetting)
Enuresis is the medical term for wetting the bed. It means a child urinates without meaning to. Treatment usually means helping a child to form habits that will allow him to control his need to urinate.
Learn MoreEosinophilic Esophagitis
An eosinophil is a type of white blood cell that usually helps fight certain types of infections from parasites or other germs. It can also occur with other allergic disorders.
Learn MoreEosinophilic Esophagitis (EOE)
Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) is a condition caused by inflammation of the esophagus, or swallowing tube, from the mouth to stomach. The inflammation is caused by the accumulation of white blood cells, called eosinophils, in the esophageal tissue.
Learn MoreEpendymoma
Ependymomas are a type of a tumor that form in the brain or spinal cord (central nervous system) as a result of abnormal growth of ependymal cells.
Learn MoreEpididymitis in Children
Epididymitis is an inflammation or infection of the epididymis. This is a thin, coiled tube that sits on top of a male testicle. In younger boys, this condition can be caused by a urinary tract infection. In older boys and teens, it's often caused by a sexually transmitted infection (STI).
Learn MoreEpiglottitis in Children
The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage at the base of the tongue at the very back of the throat. When the epiglottis becomes swollen and inflamed, it is called epiglottitis.
Learn MoreEpilepsy
Epilepsy is a neurological condition involving the brain that makes people more susceptible to having recurrent unprovoked seizures. The two broad categories of epileptic seizures are generalized and partial seizures.
Learn MoreEpilepsy and Seizures in Children
Epilepsy is a brain condition that causes a child to have seizures. It is one of the most common disorders of the nervous system.
Learn MoreEpilepsy During Pregnancy
Epilepsy is a disorder of the nervous system. It is also called a seizure disorder. Normally the body's nerves send information by electrical and chemical signals. People with epilepsy have abnormal electrical signals in the brain. This can cause a seizure. Seizures can cause severe shaking of muscles. Or they may be very mild with hardly any symptoms at all.
Learn MoreEquipment That Is Used in the NICU
NICUs are equipped with complex machines and devices to monitor nearly every system of a baby's body--temperature, heart rate, breathing, oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, and blood pressure.
Learn MoreEvaluating a Child for Birth Defects
Detailed information on evaluating a child for birth defects
Learn MoreEvaluation Procedures for Children
Detailed information on evaluation procedures used to diagnosis orthopedic disorders in children.
Learn MoreEwing Sarcoma
This Helping Hand™ explains Ewing sarcoma which is a form of cancer that usually starts in the bone. The tumors, sometimes referred to as the Ewing Family of Tumors, include Ewing sarcoma, atypical Ewing sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal (PNET) tumor of the bone.
Learn MoreEwing Sarcoma
Ewing sarcoma is a type of bone or soft tissue cancer. It is the second most common tumor of the bone and affects children and young adults.
Learn MoreEwing Sarcoma in Children
Ewing sarcoma is a rare type of cancer. It’s most common in children and teens between ages 10 and 19. It usually grows in bone, but it can also grow in soft tissue that’s connected to the bone. Read on to learn about symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.
Learn MoreExercise and Children
Exercise is an important part of keeping children healthy. Encouraging healthy lifestyles in children and teens is important for when they grow older.
Learn MoreExercise and Teenagers
Teens need at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity on most days for good health and fitness and for healthy weight during growth.
Learn MoreExercise Electrocardiogram (ECG) Testing for Children
Electrocardiography (ECG) is a simple, fast test to check the electrical activity of your child's heart as blood moves through it. Abnormal ECG results may mean there's a problem with your child's heart.
Learn MoreExercised Induced Asthma (EIA)
Exercise-induced asthma, also known as EIA, is breathing difficulty that is triggered by increased activity. There are many factors that contribute to EIA.
Learn MoreExpressing Milk for Your High-Risk Baby
You will have to remove milk from your breasts on a regular basis if you are to provide enough of your milk for your high-risk baby.
Learn MoreExpressing Your Milk - Helpful Equipment
Hospital-grade, electric breast pumps are the only pumps built for frequent and prolonged use. These pumps automatically cycle suction with release of suction—similar to a baby's sucking action.
Learn MoreExstrophy of the Bladder and Epispadias in Children
Exstrophy of the bladder is when a baby's bladder has grown inside out and is sticking through the belly wall. It often occurs together with epispadias. This is when the opening of the tube that carries urine out of the body (the urethra) is in the wrong place.
Learn MoreExtreme Prematurity
A birth that occurs any time prior to 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered premature. Sometimes that baby is referred to as preterm, near-term or a preemie. The most extreme issues occur in babies born at less than 28 weeks.
Learn MoreEye Injury Corneal Abrasion
The cornea is the clear part of the eye that covers the iris and pupil. A corneal abrasion is an injury caused by something scratching or rubbing the surface of the eye.
Learn MoreEye Medicine and Vitamin K Injection for Newborns
Newborn babies routinely receive eye medicine and a vitamin K injection soon after birth. Both prevent serious conditions.
Learn MoreEyeglasses and Contact Lenses
A child who needs vision correction may wear eyeglasses or contact lenses. Either one comes in a range of choices.
Learn MoreEyelid Lacerations in Children
Eyelid lacerations are cuts to the eyelid. They are caused by injury.
Learn MorePrecocious (Early) Puberty in Children
Puberty is the time when a child’s body and mind start to grow and mature into an adult. Male puberty usually begins at about age 12. Female puberty is at about age 10. Sometimes, though, puberty can start earlier and before signs show. When male puberty starts before age 9 and female puberty before age 8, it is called precocious or early puberty.
Learn MoreTrichomonas: Expedited Partner Therapy
If partner was diagnosed with trichomonas, a sexually transmitted infection (STI), you may also be infected and should be treated. This infection is serious but can be cured with antibiotics.
Learn More
Helping Hands Patient Education Materials
Written and illustrated by medical, nursing and allied health professionals at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Helping Hand instructions are intended as a supplement to verbal instructions provided by a medical professional. The information is periodically reviewed and revised to reflect our current practice. However, Nationwide Children's Hospital is not responsible for any consequences resulting from the use or misuse of the information in the Helping Hands.