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VACTERL Association
VACTERL association is a complex condition that affects up to seven areas of the body. It appears differently in everyone, but at least three areas of the body must be impacted for this diagnosis.
Learn MoreVaginal Anomalies
Vaginal anomalies are disorders that involve abnormally formed or absent vaginas. These include: vaginal agenesis, imperforate hymen, septate hymen, transverse vaginal septum and transverse vaginal septum. These occur in about 5% of females with an anorectal malformation/imperforate anus.
Learn MoreVaginal Atresia
Vaginal atresia is a condition a child is born with. The vagina might not be formed completely, meaning it is closed or absent. Treatment includes dilators or surgery.
Learn MoreVaginal Discharge
This Helping Hand™ addresses vaginal discharge, a common and normal occurrence for women. Typically, normal vaginal discharge is thin, mucus-like, and can be clear, white, or slightly yellow. It usually has no unpleasant odor and does not cause itching or irritation.
Learn MoreVaginal Discharge
It is normal for women to have some vaginal discharge. The presence of vaginal discharge alone does not mean there is an infection. Signs of an infection include vaginal itching, burning or irritation, and unpleasant odor.
Learn MoreVaginal Stenosis
Vaginal stenosis is a condition where the vagina becomes narrower and shorter. It can make it hurt to have sex or use tampons.
Learn MoreVaginal Yeast Infection
A vaginal yeast infection occurs when you have an overgrowth of candida or yeast in the vagina. The fungus candida albicans is the most common organism that causes vaginal yeast infections.
Learn MoreVaricoceles
A varicocele is a mass of swollen blood vessels in the spermatic cord – the structure in the scrotum that connects the testicles to the body. Varicoceles are generally harmless and painless and do not require treatment. Physicians will recommend surgery if it appears the varicocele will impact testicle growth and future fertility.
Learn MoreVelocardiofacial Syndrome
Velocardiofacial Syndrome is also known as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
Learn MoreVelopharyngeal Dysfunction (VPD)
This Helping Hand™ covers velopharyngeal dysfunction, or VPD, occurs when the soft palate cannot separate the back of the mouth from the nose during speech, swallowing, or both. VPD can be caused by structural differences in the soft palate and pharynx, or muscular causes.
Learn MoreVelopharyngeal Dysfunction (VPD)
Velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) is the inadequate separation of the oral and nasal cavities during speech and/or swallowing. At Nationwide Children’s Hospital, our experts in the Velopharyngeal Dysfunction Program provide specialized treatment for patients with speech disorders resulting from VPD.
Learn MoreVentricular Septal Defect (VSD)
A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a hole in the heart. It changes blood flow, making the heart work harder. It can be treated with surgery or catheterization.
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Helping Hands Patient Education Materials
Written and illustrated by medical, nursing and allied health professionals at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Helping Hand instructions are intended as a supplement to verbal instructions provided by a medical professional. The information is periodically reviewed and revised to reflect our current practice. However, Nationwide Children's Hospital is not responsible for any consequences resulting from the use or misuse of the information in the Helping Hands.