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Conditions We Treat

Sacrococcygeal Teratoma (SCT)

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is a tumor that forms on a baby’s tailbone (coccyx). The tumors are usually not cancerous (benign) but can be life-threatening if not treated. SCT is rare, occurring in about 1 in 35,000-40,000 births. They are more common in males than females.

What Is Sacrococcygeal Teratoma (SCT)?

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is a tumor that forms on a baby’s tailbone (coccyx). The tumors are usually not cancerous (benign) but can be life-threatening if not treated. There are four types:

  • Type I: The tumor is outside the body and attached to the tailbone.
  • Type II: The tumor is partially outside the body and partially inside the body, within the baby’s pelvis.
  • Type III: The tumor extends from the tailbone and is mostly inside the baby’s body and extends up to the abdomen but can be seen from the outside.
  • Type IV: The tumor is completely inside the baby’s body and cannot be seen from the outside.

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How Is SCT Diagnosed During Pregnancy?

SCT is often found when the mom’s blood test shows a high level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). It also can be diagnosed by ultrasound. If the doctor thinks your baby has SCT, you may be referred to a fetal center for other diagnostic tests or procedures such as:

  • Anatomy ultrasound: A high-resolution ultrasound to confirm the diagnosis and look at the mass.
  • Doppler ultrasound: A test that measures blood flow to the tumor or other relevant fetal anatomy.
  • Fetal MRI: This type of imaging gives more detailed pictures of your baby’s organs that may not have been seen on ultrasound.
  • Fetal echocardiogram: A specialized ultrasound to look at your baby’s heart and assesses the effect the tumor is having on how the heart works.
  • Amniocentesis/chromosome studies: A medical procedure in which a small amount of amniotic fluid is taken and studied to screen for genetic problems.

How Is SCT Treated During Pregnancy?

You and your baby will be closely monitored by a fetal medicine specialist during your pregnancy. Tests or interventions may include:

  • Ultrasound: Frequent ultrasounds to track the size and effects of the tumor.
  • Steroids: If testing shows impending heart failure and your baby needs to be delivered early.
  • Surgery: If there are signs of the tumor causing distress and the gestational age is over 28 weeks, your doctor may recommend early delivery for the baby to undergo surgery. If the gestational age is under 28 weeks, fetal surgery to remove the tumor may be recommended. Fetal surgery is only done when the baby’s life is in danger. Your doctor may recommend one of these options:
    • Open fetal surgery (intrauterine surgery): The tumor is removed, or reduced in size, through an incision in the mother’s abdomen and uterus. The procedure treats the condition and the heart failure.
    • Laser ablation: This reduces blood flow to the tumor to slow its growth and thereby improve the heart failure.

What Is My Baby’s Outcome (Prognosis)?

Most babies with SCT develop normally after the tumor is removed and do not have lasting health problems.

Speak With Our Team

Our team is here to help as soon as you learn your baby may have a fetal concern or diagnosis. And a physician referral is not required. Our expert team evaluates and treats nearly every fetal complication, from the most common to the most complex conditions. With access to advanced diagnostic imaging, ultrasounds and fetal MRIs, you'll find the answers, and the treatment, here.

Looking for a second opinion? The Fetal Center team can help. Our team of specialists work together to provide comprehensive feedback on your diagnosis and treatment plan through either an in-person visit or via an online written report. Our team can help you decide which is right for you.

Complete the form below or call (614) 869-4609 and the Fetal Center team will be in touch with you.

 

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